Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research

Editor: Yoshiaki Omura
Volume 47, 2022

ISSN: 0360-1293; E-ISSN: 2167-9010
Softbound
4 numbers per volume

ICAT members apply discount code at checkout.

Due to the lack of reviewers, this journal is unable to accept submissions at this time. Please check back to this website for updates in the coming months.

Due to Covid-19 and reorganization of the Editorial Office of the journal, any paper submitted as of September 27, 2021 will have an unusually long delay before it can be reviewed.

We apologize for this inconvenience and appreciate your understanding.

CiteScore 2020: 0.7
View CiteScore for Acupuncture & Electro-therapeutics Research

Journal Activity

Items viewed per month for this Journal through Ingenta Connect:
November 2021

Table of Contents: 1,263
Abstracts: 8,521
Full Text Downloads: 61

Shop for Active Titles & Books

View All Previously Published Journals

$400.00 – $450.00

Journal	Clear

Aims & Scope

Aims & Scope

The aim of the journal is to provide an international forum for the exchange of ideas and promotion of basic and clinical research in acupuncture, electro-therapeutics, and related fields. The journal was established in order to make acupuncture and electro-therapeutics a universally acceptable branch of medicine through multidisciplinary research based on scientific disciplines. The final goal is to provide a better understanding of both the beneficial and adverse effects of these treatments in order to supplement or improve existing methods of diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases in both Western and Oriental medicine.

The journal will accept original basic or clinical research papers, worthwhile reviews on safe and effective therapeutic methods, applications, limitations, theories, or principles of acupuncture and electro-therapeutics, including electro-analgesia or any method of treatment through the application of various types of electric or electromagnetic field stimuli as well as electrical and nonelectrical diagnostic methods. The journal will also consider serious research on any related methods of treatment such as Shiastsu, moxibustion, herbal medicine, and standard and experimental stages of Western medicine, with physiological and pharmacological studies. We accept clinical, experimental, and theoretical studies, particularly on the early diagnosis and safe and effective treatment of intractable medical problems, such as intractable pain, dystonia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. In general, submitted papers must be based either on the documentation of data through scientifically proven or accepted methods, or on the explanation of new theories in the field with critical evaluation of such ideas. For example, papers may present data such as the effects of acupuncture on the cardiovascular or nervous systems using blood chemistry, hemodynamics, enzymes, and other biochemical or pathophysiological, Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, nerve conduction velocity, threshold stimulation for pain, somatosensory evoked potentials or any other electro-physiological method that is scientifically acceptable. Papers not dealing directly with acupuncture, electro-therapeutics, or the related methods of diagnosis or treatment mentioned above will also be considered if they have important implications for either improving diagnostic methods or treatment, or elucidating the underlying principles or the history or medicolegal aspects of these fields.

Editorial Board

Editor-in-Chief & Founder
Yoshiaki Omura, M.D., Sc.D., F.A.C.A., F.I.C.A.E., F.A.A.I.M., F.R.S.M., D.A.B.F., A.B.F.M.
Mailing address: 800 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
Phone (212) 781-6262, Fax (212) 923-2279
icaet@yahoo.com

President, International College of Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics; Director of Medical Research, Heart Disease Foundation; Adjunct Professor, Dept. of Community & Preventive Medicine, New York Medical College; Professor, Dept. of Non-Orthodox Medicine, Ukrainian National Medical University; Executive Board Member & Chairman of the Eastern Medicine Advisory Board of the American Association of Integrative Medicine (A.A.I.M.); Former Visiting Research Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Manhattan College, New York, NY, USA; Former Adjunct Professor, Dept. of Pharmacology, Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL, USA; Former Visiting Professor, Dept. of Psycho-physiology, University of Paris, Paris, France

EDITORIAL ASSOCIATES:
Motomu Ohki, M.Sc (Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University), F.I.C.A.E. (Honor) &
Kamila Paluch, M.S. (Bioengineering, Columbia University

Main Editor Representing China
Haifa Qiao, MD, MM
Dean and Distinguished Professor, College of Acupuncture, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian Area, Shaanxi, China

EDITORS:

Andersson, Sven, M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. of Neurophysiology, Dept. of Physiology, Univ. of Goteborg, Gotborg, Sweden
Araujo, M. Sanchez, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Pres., Latin Ameri-can Societies (FLASMA), & Integral Health & Therapeutics Research Inst. (INSIT), Caracas, Venezuela
Atsumi, Kazuhiko, M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., former Dir.and Prof. Institute of Medical Electronics, Univ. of Tokyo, Hongo Bankyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
Becker, Robert O., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Consultant Biomed.Science, former Prof. Orthopedic Surgery, Upstate Med. Ctr., Starroute, Lowville, NY, USA
Beyens, Francais, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Ex-President, Belgian Assoc. of Med. Acupuncturists, Bruxelles, Belgium
Borrmann, Robert, Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./former Chairman, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Manhattan College, Bronx, NY, USA
Cao, Xiao-Ding, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./Chairwoman, Dept. of Acupuncture Analgesia and former Dean of Basic Med. Science, Shanghai Med. Univ. Shanghai, PRC
Ceccherelli, Francesco, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Research Professor, Institute of Anesthesiology and Reanimation and Regulatory Center on Complementary Medicine, University of Padova, Via C. Battisti, 267-35121 Padova, Italy
Chang, Hsiang-Tung, Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./Director, Shanghai Brain Research Institute Academia Sinica 319, Yo-Yang Road, Shanghai, PRC
Chen, Gong-Bai, M.D., Sc.D., F.I.C.A.E, former Prof. of Neurosurgery and Ex-President of Inst. of Neurology and of Hua Shan Hospital, Shanghai Med. Univ., PRC
Chen, Yemeng, C.M.D., L.A.C., F.I.C.A.E., Academic Dean, New York College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA
Chun, Sae-il, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof & Director, Rehabilitation Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Cohen, Marc, M.B.B.S. (Hons.), Ph.D., BmedSc (Hons.), F.A.M.A.S., DipAC, F.I.C.A.E., Head of Dept. of Complementary Medicine, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
Crul, Jan, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./Chairman, Dept. of Anesthesiology, Radabout Zickehuls Katholic Univ., Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Cyong, J., M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Chairman of Lab. Immunopharmacology, Oriental Med. Res. Ctr. of the Kitasato Inst., Tokyo, Japan
de Smul, Andre, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof., Dept. of Surgery, Pain Clinic, Akademisch Ziekenhuis, Vrije Univ., Brussels, Belgium
Doenicke, Alfred, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./Director of the Institute for Anesthesiology, Polyclinic, Munich Univ., Munich, Germany
Farber, Paulo L., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Director/Coordinator, Acupuncture Research Dept., Div. Obstetrics & Gynecology, Univ. of Sao Paulo Med. School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Floter, Thomas, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., President, Schmerz Therapeutisches Kolloquium Pain Treatment Ctr., Frankfurt Main, Germany
Genazzani, Andrea R., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Pres., Intl. Soc. of Gynecological Endocrinology, E.I.C. Gynecological Endocrinology, Prof. Inst. of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Univ. of Modena, Modena, Italy
Giron, Giampiero, P., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. and Director, Instituto Di Anesthesiologia E Rianimazione, and Regulatory Center on Complementary Medicine, University of Padova, Via C. Battisti, 267-35121 Padova, Italy
Gleditsch, Jochen, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., former Pres., German Physicians Acupuncture Assoc., Munchen 2, Germany
Greenfield, William, D.D.S., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./Assoc. Dean for Hospital and Extramural Affairs, New York Univ. Dental Ctr., New York, NY, USA
Gunn, C. Chan, M.A., A.B., M.C., Chir., F.I.C.A.E., Prof., University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA & Gunn Pain Clinic, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Hayhoe, Simon, B.S., M.B., M.R.C.S., I.C.R.P., F.I.C.A.E., Ex-Chairman & Treasurer, ICMA, British Med. Acupuncture Society, Dept. of Anesthetics, Essex County Hosp., Colchester, UK
Hegyi, Gabriella, M.D., Ph.D., M.Sc., Head of Dept of CAM, Pecs University, Health Science Faculty, Hungary
Hisamitsu, Tadashi, M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./Chairman, Dept. of Physiology, School of Med., Showa Univ., Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Hui, S. C., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., former Pres., Western Australian Med. Acupuncture Society, Nedlands, Western Australia
Iliev, Emil, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Chairman, Bulgarian Society of Traditional Chinese Med., Sofia, Bulgaria
Jojima, Takashi, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., former Pres., Brazilian Med. Acupuncture Assoc., Ave. Paes de Rarros, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Junnila, Seppo, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Pres., Finnish Med. Acupuncture Soc. and Mgr. of Salo District Health Care Center, Salo, Finland
Kaada, Birger, M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. of Neurophysiology, Lab. of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rogaland Central Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
Kim, Ki Ho, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., F.A.A.P.M.R., Director, Kim Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Livingston, NJ, USA
Klaus, Wolfgang, M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. and Chairman, Dept. of Pharmacology, Univ. of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Lee, Matthew, M.D., M.P.H., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./Dir. of Rehabilitation Med., Goldwater Memorial Hospital, New York Univ. Med. Center, and Pres., American Academy of Acupuncture, New York, NY, USA
Lisenyuk, Victor, M.D., Sc.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./Chairman, Dept. of Non-Orthodox Med., Ukrainian National Med. Univ., Kiev, Ukraine
Lu, Dominic P., D.D.S., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof of Oral Medicine, Univ. of Pennsylvania; Director of Medical and Dental Externship Education and Chief of Special Care Dentistry, Lehigh Valley Hospital
Lundberg, Thomas, NI.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Physiology II, Karolinska Inst., Stockholm, Sweden
Mamtani, Ravi, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. of Clinical Preventive Med., Dir. of Med. Acupuncture Program, New York Med. College, Valhalla, NY, USA
Marcus, Paul, M.D., former Chairman, British Med. Acupuncture Soc., Admin., Newton House, Warrington, Cheshire, England
Maric-Oehler, Walburg, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Pres. German Med. Acupuncture Assoc., Bad Homburg, Germany
Mayroher, Otto, M.D., Dr. N.C. Mult., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. and Chairman, Inst. of Anesthesiology, Univ. of Vienna, Austria
Melzack, Ronald, Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. of Psychology, McGill Univ., Montreal, Canada
Muteki, Gousuke, M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. Emeritus & Former Chairman, Dept. of Anesthesiology & Dir. of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Kurume Univ., Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
Nappi, Giuseppe, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., E.I.C., Functiona Neurology, Prof. & Dir., 1st. Neurologic Ctr. Mondino, Univ. of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Negro, Francesco E., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Pres., 4th World Congress of Scientific Acupuncture of ICMART 90, Pres. of the Italian Acupuncture Soc., Rome, Italy
Needham, Joseph, F.R.S., F.A.B., F.I.C.A.E., Sometime Master of Gonville and Caius College and Dir., East Asian History of Sci. Library, Cambridge Univ., UK
NG, Lorenz, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., former Chairman of Intra-Mural Res. Lab., Natl. Inst. on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD, USA
Niboyet, J., M.D., Sc.D., F.I.C.A.E., President of Mediterranean Acupuncture Assoc., Marseilles, France
Nissel, H., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Pres., Austrian Soc. of Acupuncture & Auricular Medicine, Ludwig Boltzmann Acupuncture Inst., Vienna, Austria
Nogier, Paul., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Pres. Groupe Lyonnais d’Etudes Medicales, E.I.C., Auriculo-Medecine, Lyon, France
Nordenstrom, Bjorn E. W., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., former Chairman, Nobel Committee, Karolinska Inst., Stockholm, Prof. Emeritus of Diagnostic Radiology, Karolinska Inst., Stockholm, Sweden
Orkin, Louis, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., former Prof./former Chairman, Dept. of Anesthesiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
Otsuka, Yasuo, M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Dir. Oriental Med., Inst. Kampo Med., Dept., Kitasato Univ., 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Peng, Alfred, M.D,, F.I.C.A.E., former Pres. NY Society of Acupuncture for Physicians & Dentists, St Luke’s Hospital, New York, NY, USA
Pontinen, P. J., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Pres. Nordic Med. Acupuncture Soc. and Assoc. Prof. of Anesthesiology, Univ. of Kuopio, Finland
Procacci, Paolo, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. Univ. degli Studi di Firenze, Cattedra de Terapia Medica Sistematica, Viale G.B. Firenze, Italy
Qiao, Haifa, M.D., Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine College of Acupuncture, China
Rabischong, Pierre, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./Chairman of Dept. of Anatomy and Dean of the Faculty of Med., Univ. of Montpellier, Dir. of Biomechanics, Res. Unit of INSERM at Montpellier, Montpellier, France
Redfearn, Edward, B.A., M.B.B., Chir. (Camb) DRCOG, F.I.C.A.E, Ex-Chairman, British Med. Acupuncture Soc., Birmingham, England
Samosyuk, Ivan A., M.D., Sc.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof., Dept. of Neuropathology & Reflexotherapy, Kiev State Inst. for Post Graduate Studies of Physicians, Doragozhitskaya St. Kiev, Ukraine
Schnorrenberger, Claus C., M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Past Pres. of German Physicians Acupuncture Assoc., Frieburg, Germany
Shibutani, Kinichi, M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. Anesthesiology & Dir. of Pain Clinic, Westchester County Med. Ctr., New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
Skokijev, Antonije, M.D., Sc.D., F.I.C.A.E., Pres. of the Yugoslavian Med. Acupuncture Society and Prof. and Dir of Clinic for Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Military Med. Academy, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Soulairac, Andre, M.D., Sc.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. and Chairman, Dept. of Psycho-Physiology, Faculty of Sci., Univ. of Paris VI, Paris, France
Spiegel, Edward, D.D.S., F.I.C.A.E., Former Chairman, CME Courses of American Academy of Head, Neck and Facial Pain, Erie, PA
Studer, Elizabeth, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Pres. Med. Acupuncture Soc. of Switzerland, Lugond, Switzerland
Takeshige, Chifuyu, M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof. Emeritus and former Dean of Physiology Dept., School of Med., Showa Univ., Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Tobler, Paul, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Dozent for General Med., Univ. of Zurich & Univ. of Bern Zurich, Switzerland
Travell, Janet, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Emeritus Clinical Prof. of Med., George Washington Univ., Washington, DC, USA
Trachtenberg, Alan I., M.D., M.P.H., Medical Officer, N.I.H. on Drug Abuse, 6120 Executive Blvd., Suite 450, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
Tsuchiya, Mitsuharu, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., President of the Federation of Portugese Acupuncture & Moxibusion Av. Colegio Militar, 20 A-r/c. DT-Loja-1500 Lisboa, Portugal
Xuetai, Wang, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof./Vice Dir., Expert Comm. of China, Academy of Traditional Chinese Med., Former President of China Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society, Bejing, China
Yamamura, Hideo, M.D,. H.D., F.I.C.A.E., Prof Emeritus, former Chairman, Dept. of Anesthesiology; former Dean, School of Med. Tokyo Univ.; Pres., All Japan Acupuncture Society Tokyo, Japan

CO-FOUNDER

Alfred L. Copley, M.D., Dr. Med.h.c. (Heidelberg Univ.) F.I.C.A.E. (deceased)

CORRESPONDING EDITORS

Beckman, Sandra, M.A. (Speech Pathology), M.A. (Educational Computer Science), Campus Coordinator for Distance Learning in Communicative Disorders, Dept. of Human Services, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, North Carolina, USA; Former Adjunct Assistant Prof., Dept. of Communication Disorders & Sciences, Adelphi University, Manhattan Center
Camp, Virginia, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Wycombe General Hosp., High Wycombe Bucks, England
Glennie-Smith, Keith, M.B., B.S., F.F.A.R.C.S., F.I.C.A.E., Consultant Anesthesist, Dept. of Anesthesiology, Poole General Hosp., Dorset, England
Grant, Alan, M.B., F.I.C.A.E., c/o Prof. Andre Soulairac, Dept. of Psychophysiology, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Paris VI, France
Jungck, Dietrich, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Vice-Pres., Schmerz-Theraputisches Kolloquium, Clinic for Pain Treatement, 2000 Hamburg I, Germany
Merrick, Pipsisewa, M.Sc., Ph.D., Dept. of Biology, Univ. of North Carolina, NC, USA
Nakajima, Hiroaki, M.D., Ph.D., Dir. of Pulmonary Div. & Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Med., School of Med., Showa Univ., Tokyo, Japan
Nihrane, Abdallah, Ph.D., F.IC.A.E. Visiting Associate Prof. Integrative Medicine, ICAET, Adjunct Associate Prof., Microbiology, New York City College of Technology, CUNY, New York, Former Assistant Prof., Dept. of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, Former Visiting Scientist, NIH, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA
Omura, Alexander K., M.D., Dir., Dept. of Anesthesiology, Benefis Hosp., 4631 Fox Farm Road, Great Falls, MT, USA
Shimotsuura, Tasuhiro, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Exec. Secretary, Japan Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Assoc., Dir., Dept. of Med., St. Maria Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
Sola, Anders, M.D., F.I.C.A.E., Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Anesthesiology, School of Med., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA (former Pain Specialist, U.S. Air Force)

Submitting Articles

Due to the lack of reviewers, this journal is unable to accept submissions at this time. Please check back to this website for updates in the coming months.

Due to Covid-19 and reorganization of the Editorial Office of the journal, any paper submitted as of September 27, 2021 will have an unusually long delay before it can be reviewed.

We apologize for this inconvenience and appreciate your understanding.

Submission Requirements

Authors are requested to submit the original manuscript (and revised manuscript if needed) electronically via email to inquiries@cognizantcommunication.com. The manuscript, including text, figures, tables and figure legends, should be prepared in Microsoft Word format. Articles should be single-spaced and pages should be numbered consecutively, centered at the bottom of each page.

Please view this sample of an article published in Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research, Volume 45, #1, pp. 3-14 before sending in your submission: https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/cog/aetr/2020/00000045/00000001/art00002

The paper should have the following sections:

1. Title of Article

2. Names of authors with academic degrees followed by institutional affiliation

3. Contact information of person to contact (name, academic degree, address, telephone #, fax #, and email)

4. Tentative date of manuscript received by editor’s office and tentative date of acceptance in parentheses

5. Abstract (preferably less than 250 words)

6. Keywords (6 pertinent keywords)

7. Introduction

8. Materials & Methods

9. Results

10. Discussion

11. Conclusion

12. Acknowledgment

13. References

Every paper must have this basic format. Any paper without experimental or clinical research setup shown by good schematic diagrams or actual photographs with captions that are easy to understand and that provide information about how the research was carried out will not be accepted. Materials & Methods should have enough information to reproduce the research by other scientists. For these materials and methods, if electrical or electromagnetic field stimulation is used, they should provide electrical parameters as well as electromagnetic field parameters and wave forms of the stimulating electrical pulses or electromagnetic field pulses.

After suggested revisions for improvement, once the paper is going to be officially accepted for publication, please adhere to the guidelines below:

Submission Requirements: Authors are requested to submit the original manuscript (and revised manuscript if needed) electronically via email to inquiries@cognizantcommunication.com The manuscript, including text, figures, tables and figure legends, should be prepared in Microsoft Word format.

Include a cover letter, and insert “Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research Submission” in the subject line of the email. The cover letter should contain the name, address, telephone #, fax # and email address of the author responsible for correspondence. Follow the General Manuscript Form guidelines below to prepare the manuscript, figures, and tables.

When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the author(s) will be required to provide a high-resolution PDF file. Manuscripts are accepted for consideration with the understanding that they have not been published elsewhere except in abstract form and are not concurrently under review elsewhere. Material accepted for publication will not be released publicly prior to its appearance in the journal.

General Manuscript Form: Papers should be typed in English with at least 3-cm (1 1/8 in.) margins on paper approximately 22 × 28 cm (8 1/2 × 11 in.) in size. Please consult the most recent issue of the journal for style and format. Number all pages consecutively, beginning with the title page. Use metric units of measure; other units may be given in parentheses. Typically, only three levels of headings are recognized. The paper should be organized as follows:

Title Page: First, before the title of the article, leave a 2-inch margin from the top of the page (for publisher reference information). The title should be brief and specific. The title page should contain in the following order: title (centered in bold, size 14, font Times New Roman), a space, the name(s), academic degree(s) (in bold) and affiliation(s) of author(s) including city, state, postal code, and country should appear (not in bold, centered in size 12 font Times New Roman). Following this, each co-author should be listed in the same way with a space between each author. Also indicate the author to whom correspondence should be addressed, with complete mailing address, telephone #,
fax # and e-mail address. Please include “Date Received” (approximate date the manuscript is to arrive at the editorial office) & “Date Accepted” (approximately 3 months after the date received) in parentheses. These dates will be tentative and subject to change. Leave an empty space before the abstract.

Abstract: The subtitle “ABSTRACT:” should be bold and written starting in the left margin. An abstract of 300 words or less should follow below (as a separate line) and be lined up with the colon from “ABSTRACT:”. It should contain a concise summary of the methods, results, conclusions, and other significant points. Any unfamiliar abbreviated word should not be used without giving corresponding original word in parenthesis.

Key Words: For the purpose of proper covering of indexing periodicals, provide 6-8 key words immediately following the abstract, with a space in between, and margins lined up with the text of the abstract. Use a semi-colon in between the key words and the first letter of each key word should be capitalized.

Text: Arrange the text with main headings of Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, list of Conclusions, Acknowledgments (and source of funding), References, Tables, and Figures. Pages should always reach full margins. Place figures/tables as close to the text reference as possible, however they can be moved to the next page in order to avoid a page being too short. Use generic names of drugs. Give name, City, State, and Country of the manufacturer of any chemicals, equipment or software mentioned in the text. Define all nonstandard abbreviations the first time they appear in the text.

References/Reference List: Within the text references should be cited with sequential numbers in parentheses. The reference list should be numbered sequentially by order of appearance in the text. Follow the style samples given below. Journal citations in the reference list should contain the following: (a) surnames and initials of all authors (surnames precede initials); (b) title of article; (c) journal title should not be abbreviated; (d) volume, inclusive pages and year. Journal’s name and Book’s title should be underlined.

Journal Article:

1. Omura, Y., Pathophysiology of acupuncture treatment: Effects of Acupuncture on Cardiovascular and Nervous systems. Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research,
The International Journal. Vol 1, pp. 55-141, 1975.

Book:

1. Sambrook, J.; Fritsch, E. F.; Maniatis, T. Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual,
2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 1989.

Chapter in Edited Book:

1. Den Otter, E.; Dullens Hub, F. J.; Van Govern, H.; Pels, E. Antitumor effects of macrophages injected into animals: A review. In: MacBride, J. K.; Stuart, A., eds.
The macrophage and cancer. Edinburgh: Econoprint; 1987:119–141.

Tables: Tables should be numbered and cited sequentially in the text. Avoid very wide or long tables that would not fit a printed page. Each table should have a title, and each column in the table should have a brief heading. Define all abbreviations in the table footnote at the bottom of the table. (Text within tables and figures should be font size 12; font size smaller than 11 will not be accepted.)

Figures: Figures should be numbered and cited sequentially in the text. Use figures/photos which are high-quality. Avoid light lettering and shading that will not reproduce well. Complex formulas should be prepared as illustrations. Care must be taken that letters and other symbols do not become so small that they are illegible when the figure is reduced (by 25%). All figures/photos will be printed in black & white unless otherwise noted by author. The author is required to bear the costs for the publication of color figures. An “Author Option” form will be provided upon acceptance for open access, color figures and offprint options. If no color will be used for the final print of the publication, there will be no cost to the author; as long as the figures are in black & white, the publisher will not charge any fees even if there are many figures (more than 10). However, please make sure that if there are more than 2 curves in a figure, you are able to differentiate between the 2 without color.

Figure Legends: The figure legend should be as clear as possible and should fully describe the contents of the figure. If the figure is from a previously published article, indicate that permission has been obtained from the original publisher. Center figure legend under figures.

Permissions: If data from any other source is used in tables or figures it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission to reproduce such material. Provide proof that permission has been granted from the original publisher and indicate the source.

Final Accepted Manuscript/Disk: The final manuscript file must be submitted to the Editorial office in a high-resolution pdf file. Ensure that the hard copy and electronic file match exactly.

Copyright: Publications are copyrighted for the protection of the authors and the publisher. A Transfer of Copyright Agreement will be sent to the author whose manuscript is accepted for publication. This form must be completed and returned to the Editor before the article can be published. Although every effort is made by the publisher and editorial board to see that no inaccurate or misleading data, opinion, or statement appears in this Journal, they wish to make it clear that the data and opinions appearing in the articles and advertisments herein are the sole responsibility of the contributor or advertiser concerned. Accordingly, the publisher, the editorial board, editors, and their respective employees, officers, and agents accept no responsibility or liability whatsoever for the consequences of any such inaccurate or misleading data, opinion, or statement.

Online Fast Track Publication: Accepted manuscripts will be loaded to Fast Track with DOI links online. Fast Track is an early e-pub system whereby subscribers to the journal can start reading and citing the articles prior to their inclusion in a journal issue. Please note that articles published in Fast Track are not the final print publication with proofs. Once the accepted manuscript is ready to publish in an issue of the journal, the corresponding author will receive a proof from our Production Department for approval. Once approved and published, the Fast Track version of the manuscript is deleted and replaced with the final published article. Online Fast Track publication ensures that the accepted manuscripts can be read and cited as quickly as possible.

Peer Review Policy

Acupuncture & Electro-therapeutics Research (ACUP) Peer Review Policy

To maintain high peer reviewing standards, ACUPUNCTURE & ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS RESEARCH (ACUP) uses an open review process, whereby the identity of the reviewers is known to the authors and authors identities are known to the reviewers. Peer review is defined as the evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by others working in the same field to ensure the publication of high-quality scientific research.

The ACUP peer review process is as follows:

An article is first examined by the Editor-in-Chief (EIC) and 2-3 Editorial Board members to ensure the submission meets the Aims of the journal and formatting, etc. is in order.

The EIC selects at least 3 reviewers based on key words, article content and peer review track record. to provide a detailed assessment of the paper. The reviewers are always experts in their field and may be members of the ACUP Editorial Board. Reviewers will have no history of conflict with the authors of the paper and are in good standing, based on their scholarly track record.

The comments from the reviewers will be received within 2-3 weeks. They are delivered to the EIC who draws upon these comments to assess the merit of the manuscript, along with their own assessment. Special attention is given to declarations of potential conflict of interest. Where applicable, the EIC will verify statements about appropriate approvals received in the case of research using human subjects. Likewise, claims about the use of appropriate statistical testing are ensured.

On receipt of relevant and sufficient reviewer comments, the EIC will reach a decision based on a close examination and a determination is then conveyed to the authors. The authors receive detailed comments along with the final decision: accept, accept with minor revision, accept with major revision, or rejection.

Prospective ACUP reviewers have the opportunity to read and evaluate current research in their area of expertise when it is at an early stage, thereby contributing to the integrity of scientific exploration. Anyone interested in becoming a reviewer for ACUP is invited to contact Yoshiaki Omura, M.D., Sc.D., F.A.C.A., F.I.C.A.E., F.A.A.I.M., F.R.S.M., D.A.B.F., A.B.F.M.
Mailing address: 800 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
Phone (212) 781-6262, Fax (212) 923-2279
icaet@yahoo.com

Ethics Statement

ETHICS STATEMENT

The publishers and editorial board of Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research have adopted the publication ethics and malpractice statements of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) https://publicationethics.org/core-practices. These guidelines highlight what is expected of authors and what they can expect from the reviewers and editorial board in return. They also provide details of how problems will be handled. Briefly:

Author Responsibilities: Authors listed on a manuscript must have made a significant contribution to the study and/or writing of the manuscript. During revisions, authors cannot be removed without their permission and that of the other authors. All authors must also agree to the addition of new authors. It is the responsibility of the corresponding author to ensure that this occurs.

Financial support and conflicts of interest for all authors must be declared. Further information on this can be obtained from the International Committee for Medical Journal Editors (http://www.icmje.org/).

The reported research must be novel and authentic and the authors should confirm that the same data has not been and is not going to be submitted to another journal (unless already rejected). Statements made in the introduction and discussion should be supported by appropriate references and sufficient experimental detail should be provided to allow for repetition of the study by another group. Plagiarism of the text/data will not be tolerated and could result in retraction of an accepted article. Any text or figures reproduced for another source require the permission of the original copyright holders (normally the publishers).

Any manipulation of figures should be equally applied and described in the text including pseudo coloring and must not change the meaning of the figure.

When humans, animals or tissue derived from them have been used, then mention of the appropriate ethical approval must be included in the manuscript.

Reviewer Responsibilities: Reviewers are expected to not possess any conflicts of interest with the authors and research. They should review the science objectively and provide recommendations for improvements where necessary. When aware of relevant published work not being cited, the reviewers should recommend inclusion of these references. If the reviewer feels that they would be unable to repeat the study as described, then additional methodological details should be requested. Any unpublished information read by a reviewer should be treated as confidential.

Editorial Responsibilities: The section editors are expected to select an appropriate number of reviewers for the manuscript so that they can make an informed decision about whether to reject/accept a manuscript. Their decision must be based only on the paper’s importance, originality and clarity and whether it is suitable for the journal. They must not have a conflict of interest with the authors or work described. The anonymity of the reviewers must be maintained.

Should problems come to light after acceptance then the editors agree to promote the publication of corrections and/or retractions as deemed necessary.

NIH Public Access Policy: Cognizant Communication Corporation does not upload manuscripts on the authors’ behalf to PubMedCentral. The authors of NIH-funded manuscripts are granted permission to upload the final version of the manuscript themselves to PubMedCentral so that they remain in compliance with the NIH Public Access Policy. A PDF of the article is provided to the Corresponding Author for this purpose. Authors have the opportunity to download their articles from open access files http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cog/aetr

Publishing Responsibilities: The publishers agree to ensure that to the best of their abilities, the information that they publish is genuine and ethically sound. If publishing ethics issues come to light, not limited to accusations of fraudulent data or plagiarism, during or after the publication process, they will be investigated by the editorial board including contact with the authors’ institutions if necessary, so that a decision on the appropriate corrections, clarifications or retractions can be made. The publishers agree to publish this as necessary so as to maintain the integrity of the academic record.

Current Table of Contents / Abstracts

View All Abstracts

Access Current Articles (Volume 47, Number 1)

Table of Contents:

Volume 47, Number 1

Design and Development of Intelligent Home Rehab Device for Post Stroke Therapy With Electro-Hydraulic Interventions – 1
https://doi.org/10.372 7/0360 12921X16298112109448

Dr. Kalaiarasi Arumugam M.E., Ph.D., * and Dr. L.Ashok Kumar M.E,MBA,Ph.D, Post Doc†

*Assistant Professor (Senior Grade), Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
†Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Today, brain attack disorders are one of the most life-threatening areas in the medical era, which mankind is facing nowadays. Globally, more than 10,000,000 people are subjected to brain attack disorders like hemiplegia and tremor, every year, where two-thirds of them survive. Among the survival community, more than 80 per cent of them are subjected to long-term impairment of their upper extremity. In order to treat the impairment, the survival group is subjected to medications and rehabilitation in order to improve their daily living. But the facilities are very limited in fast-developing countries like India when compared to western standards. The rehabilitation given corresponding with medications during the treatment period in hospitals does not give a complete recovery from disability. People from rural background could not meet their rehabilitation requirements even in the hospital during treatment and also when they are discharged to home after treatment from hospitals due to financial constraints and reachability. In order to motivate the survival group to fulfill their daily living and improve their lifestyle, this paper is focused on intelligent home-based rehabilitation system at low cost, reliability, and affordability. One major movement disorder namely Upper Arm Hemiplegia was taken into account and visited few major hospitals around Coimbatore and Chennai for literature and case study. The facilities available in various hospitals and their drawbacks were analyzed. Based on the studies conducted at hospitals and taking advice from therapists, an innovative low-cost home-based rehabilitation device using Electro-Hydraulic systems has been developed to support patients who were used to impaired living even after treatments. To support Upper Arm Hemiplegia patients, the devices which were developed and experimented to hold different functionalities are discussed in this paper.

Key words: Intelligent Systems; Therapy; Upper Arm Hemiplegia

Electroacupuncture Inhibits Inflammatory Response in Rats Cystitis – 9
https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16258618048412

Ji-wei Feng, M.M,* Wen Li, M.M.,† Jian-dang Liu, M.M.,* Jun-Zhi-hao Li, M.M.,* Xue-dan Zhao, M.M.,* and Yue-lai Chen, M.D.*

*Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
†Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China

OBJECTIVE: Electroacupuncture (EA) has been clinically interstitial cystitis (IC), but its related mechanism research is remained This study aimed to explore the role of EA in inhibiting the inflammatory IC rats, and research the possible mechanism based on the changes mast cell tryptase expression and the content of inflammatory substances. METHODS: EA (continuous wave, 30 Hz, 1 mA) was applied to point (BL32) and the Huiyang point (BL35) of rats. Changes of urodynamics, tryptase expression and the content of IL-6 and TNF-α were detected the treatment. RESULTS: The results showed that after EA treatment, compared the initial urination time of the rats was prolonged (3.23 ± 0.60 to bladder capacity was increased (0.80 ± 0.15 to 1.31 ± 0.07 ml), and mucosal damage was restored. The expression of mast cell tryptase, IL-6 and TNF-α in its bladder tissue and urine were reduced. CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that EA could suppress and inhibit inflammatory response of IC rats, and its mechanism related to the inhibition of mast cell degranulation and the inflammatory substances IL-6 and TNF-α in bladder tissue.

Key words: Electroacupuncture; Interstitial cystitis; Inflammatory; IL-6 and TNF-α

Buccal Acupuncture Combined with Stellate Ganglion Block in the Treatment of Intractable Vertigo Syndrome: A Case Report – 23
https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16264625521754

Wenguang Deng, MD, Yuenong Zhang, MD, Jian Xu, MD, and Jinxiang Ye, MD

Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Yuedong Hospital, Guangdong Province, China

Intractable vertigo syndrome can be diagnosed after failure of routine treatments for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Stellate ganglion block can be used in patients who do not respond to oral medication. However, buccal acupuncture combined with stellate ganglion block in the treatment of intractable vertigo syndrome has not been described yet. In this case report, we describe a patient who showed good response to combined treatment with buccal acupuncture and stellate ganglion block.

Key words: Buccal acupuncture; Stellate ganglion block; Intractable vertigo syndrome

Topical Ethanol Therapy for Human Papillomavirus in Atheroma – 33
https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16264625521763

Etsuo Murata, MD, PhD, Cert MD-ORT (1 DAN),* Kazutaka Tokita, MD, PhD,† Shigeyuki Tsurusaki, MD,‡ and Hidetaka Murata, MD§

*Director of Murata Surgery, Gastroenterology, Dermatology Clinic, Japan
†Professor of Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare, Japan
‡Associate Director of Department of Surgery, Akita Hospital, Japan
§Division of cardiovascular Surgery, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital Cardio vascular Center, Japan

We have developed ethanol therapy for infectious atheroma based on the experience of two cases in which ethanol was injected into the liver cyst and the cyst shrank. For 64 infectious atheromas, atheroma contents were excreted and the cyst wall was contacted with 76% ethanol gauze for 5 minutes. Postoperatively, the cyst was washed daily as an open drainage. All cases were cured 10 days postoperatively, and no side effects. Postoperative follow-up study results in 36 cases showed no recurrence in an average of 5 years. Pathological examination revealed koilocytosis in 14 of 25 cases (56.0%), which is considered to be an indirect finding of viral infection. The changes in human papillomavirus (HPV 16) before and after ethanol therapy in 25 cases using the Bi-Digital Oring Test (BDORT) decreased significantly from 1026.0 ng (BDORT units) preoperatively to 1.6ng (BDORT units) postoperatively. In also 12 cases follow-up study without microscopy HPV 16 same decreased from 1064.2ng to 1.2ng (BDORT unit) using BDORT with atheroma photographs. In total, HPV 16 could be demonstrated in 37 of 64 cases (57.8%) using BDORT. Temporal changes of HPV 16 used for BDORT in 7 cases after contact with ethanol were inactivated after 3 minutes 30 seconds. The involvement of HPV 16 is suggested as the cause of atheroma. It is speculated that ethanol inactivated HPV 16 of atheroma, which stopped the turnover of the squamous epithelium and prevented recurrence. Ethanol therapy for infectious atheroma is useful as an original new one-stage surgery because it is a simple procedure and has no side effects or recurrence.

Key words: Infectious atheroma; Ethanol therapy; Koilocytosis; Human papillomavirus; HPV 16; Bi-Digital O-Ring Test

The Effectiveness of Electro-Acupuncture in Ovarian Ischemia Reperfusion Injury – 47
https://https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16264625521781

1 Seda Keskin,* Deha Denizhan Keskin,* Muhammet Değermenci,† Hatice Hancı,‡ Nuket Göçmen Karabekir,§ Mehtap Atak,¶ and Orhan Baş#

*Ass.Prof., Ordu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Ordu, 52200, Turkey
†Ass.Prof., Ordu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy; Ordu, 52200, Turkey
‡Ass.Prof., Ordu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Embryology and Histology; Ordu, 52200, Turkey
§Professor, Dokuz Eylul University; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy; İzmir, 35000, Turkey
¶Ass.Prof., Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry; Rize, 53950, Turkey
#Professor, Ordu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy; Ordu, 52200, Turkey

Electro-acupuncture is widely used in gynecology. Adnexal torsion is an important threat to ovarian reserves in women of reproductive age. This is the first study to investigate whether electro-acupuncture is beneficial in protecting ovarian reserves in case of adnexal torsion resulting in reperfusion injury. Thirty-two female Wistar Albino rats were randomized into four groups: the first group—sham operation, the second group—torsion/detorsion model, the third group—pre-acupunture + torsion/detorsion + post-acupuncture, and the fourth group—torsion/detorsion + post-acupuncture. The acupoints used were CV4 and bilateral SP6, Ex-CA1, Kid3, and ST36. In the third group, the acupoints were needled for two weeks before torsion, continuing for a further two weeks after torsion. In the fourth group, needling began after torsion and was maintained for two weeks. Both histological and biochemical parameters indicating ovarian reserves showed that electro-acupuncture applied to the above points exhibited an ameliorating effect on ovaries injured during ischemia/reperfusion. Electro-acupuncture may be capable of protecting against and preventing ischemia/reperfusion injury in case of ovarian torsion.

Key words: Ovarian torsion; Ovarian ischemia/reperfusion injury; Electro-acupuncture; AMH; Ovarian reserve; Complementary and traditional medicine

Retesting Conjecture of Acupuncture in Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory – 59
https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16273277361777

Tian-Qi Wang, PhD,* Ya-Jie Wang,† and Si-Tong Xu, PhD‡

*Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China 100053
†Nurse practitioner, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijianzhuang, China 050051
‡Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575

This study proposes the following hypothesis based on studies from various aspects and various historical periods in acupuncture: meridians and collaterals are a continuous, interwoven and ordered system of cells with the same active vibration frequency that guides human nerve activity and blood circulation, and acupuncture can temporarily open, unblock or shut such a system. Yin and Yang depend on the acidity and alkalinity of the internal and external liquid of cells caused by the human body after ingestion of food or influenced by the environment. Traditional Chinese medicine can help the human body adjust the acid-base balance, which is to say, adjust the imbalance state of Yin and Yang. The structure of functional active groups determines the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine, and the structure can be predicted by using the principle of topology to play a role in the treatment of the corresponding target.

Key words: Traditional Chinese medicine; Acupuncture; Renewal inspection; Yin and Yang; Prediction

Clinical Application of Scalp Cluster Needling Combined with Bobath Technique in Upper Limb Spastic Paralysis After Stroke of Vertebral Artery Type – 69
https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16287835103417

Zhiquan Wu, M.D.,* Mengjie Zeng, M.M.† and Aimin Gong, M.D.

*Deputy Director, Sanya Central Hospital, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sanya, China
†Chinese Medicine Physician, Sanya Central Hospital, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sanya, China
‡Professor, Hainan Medical College, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, China

To observe the difference in clinical effects of scalp-point cluster acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training in treating spastic paralysis of upper limbs after stroke. Using a randomized controlled design, 96 patients with upper limb spastic paralysis after stroke were randomly divided into two groups: treatment group (scalp acupuncture plus rehabilitation training group 48 cases), control group (rehabilitation training group 48 cases). After 2 courses of treatment, it was judged by observing clinical efficacy evaluation, Ashworth classification, and Fugl-Meyer (FMA) score. The total effective rate was 91.7% in the treatment group and 68.7% in the control group; the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before treatment, the difference in Ashworth classification between the two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05); after treatment, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). After treatment, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The Fugl-Meyer (FMA) scores of the two groups of patients before treatment were comparable (P >0.05), and there were significant differences between the two groups after treatment (P < 0.05). The difference of Fugl-Meyer (FMA) scores between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Scalp cluster acupuncture therapy is more effective than traditional acupuncture therapy alone in treating vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis. Scalp cluster acupuncture combined with Bobath technique is effective in treating spastic paralysis of upper limbs after stroke, and it is worthy of clinical application.

Key words: After stroke; Spastic paralysis of upper limbs; Scalp acupuncture; Randomized controlled study; Bobath technique

Clinical Characteristics and Laboratory Testing of Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis – 81
https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16287835103471

Jun Liu, MD,* Shu-Rui Li, MD,* Hai-Ping Zhou, MD,† Cheng-Dong Hu, MD,* Zeng-Ping Yue, MD,* Guang-Bo LV, MD‡

*Handan Central Hospital, No.15 Zhonghua South Street, Handan, Hebei province 056001, PR China
†Medical Association of Handan, Handan, Hebei Province, 056000, PR China
‡Infectious Disease Hospital of Handan, Handan, Hebei Province, 056001, PR China

Objective: To explore the early warning signs of deterioration of patients with COVID-19. Methods: The data of thirty-six patients who were admitted to Handan Infectious Disease Hospital was collected. The clinical features and laboratory testing were analyzed retrospectively. The initial laboratory testing included blood chemistries, blood routine, D-dimer, coagulation function, etc. The patients were divided into mild/common group and severe/critical group. Results: The lymphocyte count, monocyte count, hemoglobin, and albumin levels in severe/critical group were lower compared with those in mild/common group, while the fibrinogen was higher. The lymphocyte count and monocyte count were positively correlated with hemoglobin, pre-albumin respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with lower initial prealbumin and hemoglobin level were more likely to progress into severe conditions. Decreased prealbumin and hemoglobin, combined with lymphocyte count and monocyte count, could be the early warning signs of deterioration of patients with COVID-19.

Key words: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Laboratory testing, Clinical characteristics

Analysis of HRV and Body Temperature Variation for Manual Acupuncture and PEMF (Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field) Acupuncture Stimulation – 91
https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16287835103390

Ja-Woo Lee, M.S., Jun-Young Kim, M.S., Jae-Ho Hyun, Ph.D. candidate, and Yong-Heum Lee, Ph.D.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical therapeutic effectiveness and applicability of the PEMF (pulsed electro-magnetic field) acupuncture. To verify this, we observe autonomic nervous system (ANS; such as the HRV and body temperature) variation for the manual acupuncture and the PEMF acupuncture. Method: 56 voluntary participants were divided into three groups; non-stimulation group, manual acupuncture group (MAG), and PEMF acupuncture group (PAG). BL15 (Bladder Meridian) was selected as the stimulation area, the PEMF parameters were chosen at 2 Hz and 46mT. The HRV and body temperature were measured before and after each stimulation. The HRV at low frequency (LF; 0.04 – 0.15 Hz) and high frequency (HF; 0.15 – 0.4 Hz) were analyzed to acquire LF/HF ratio. Results: The LF and the LF/HF ratio were found to be lower in the MAG (p = 0.026) and the PAG (p = 0.011), but higher in the non-stimulation group (p = 0.778). The HF was found to be higher in the MAG (p = 0.011) and the PAG (p = 0.013). In BL15, the non-stimulation group had very low body temperature variation. The temperature difference in the MAG before and after the procedure was 0.37℃; there were no significant differences (p = 0.114). The temperature difference in the PAG was larger than that for the MAG, at 0.83℃; it was a significant difference (p = 0.001). Conclusion: We found that the manual acupuncture and the PEMF acupuncture at BL15 activated the parasympathetic nervous system. Therefore, we confirm that the PEMF acupuncture can be expected to have a similar effect as acupuncture and can be applied as a means of clinical acupuncture treatment.

Key words: acupuncture; PEMF acupuncture; heart rate variability; body temperature

Warming Acupuncture in the Treatment of Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – 101
https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16273277361795

Zuqing Wang* and Yan Li†

*Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
†Longhua Tianshan Branch, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine M.D., Department of Bone Traumatology

Background: Warming acupuncture (WA) is widely used in the management of Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) in China and obtains desirable efficacy. Therefore, the aim of this study is to systematically assess the efficacy and safety whether using WA alone or combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy for the treatment of CSR. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Sinomed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang databases were searched from their inception through 30 September 2020. All the retrieved records were screened or excluded based on the criteria that were pre-established, and the results that meet the criteria were assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool and Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan5.3 software. Results: Fourteen RCTs (1021patients) were included in the meta-analysis. The effective rate of WA alone or combination with TCM therapy was analyzed in comparison with the treatment of regular therapy. The results indicated that compared with regular therapy, WA alone or in combination with TCM therapy increased clinical effective rate (Odds ratio (OR)=4.43, 95% CI 2.85 to 6.90, P<0.01). Additionally decreased VAS score (mean difference (MD)=-1.21, 95% CI -1.68 to -0.73, P<0.01), PPI (MD = -1.34, 95% CI -2.08 to -0.61) and PRI (MD = -0.55, 95% CI -0.72 to -0.37, P<0.001). However, adverse events of WA were not specially reported in all studies. Conclusions: WA as the main treatment for CSR can improve the clinical effective rate and reduce the level of VAS score, PPI and PRI. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of WA for CSR treatment, rigorously and unambiguously.

Key words: Warming acupuncture; Moxibustion; Randomized controlled trials; Cervical spondylosis radiculopathy; Systematic review; Meta-analysis; Traditional Chinese medicine

Acupuncture for the Adjunctive Therapy of Post-stoke Fatigue: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – 115
https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16304136917645

Yupei Chen, MD,* Meidi Peng, MD,† and Yanqing Li, MD‡

*Student, School of Medicine (School of Nursing), Nantong University Nantong, Jiangsu, China
†Teacher, School of Medicine (School of Nursing), Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
‡Student, School of Medicine (School of Nursing), Nantong University Nantong, Jiangsu, China

The aim of this research is to assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation therapy for post-stroke fatigue. The methods used in this research are as follows: systematically retrieving China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Chinese Biological Medicine Database, Cochrane Library, Medline and Embase were electronically searched from inception to Dec 2020. The dataset included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with Chinese and English only that compared acupuncture as an adjunct to rehabilitation in stroke patients with fatigue. The methodological quality of the included trials was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Statistical analyses were performed by RevMan V.5.4.A total of 6 RCTs were included in this study, including 426 cases (213 cases in the treatment group and 213 cases in the control group). The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional treatment, acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy can significantly reduce the incidence of post-stroke fatigue [MD = -5.45, 95% CI = (-6.75, -4.14), Z= 8.19 (P < 0.001)]. In terms of energy, acupuncture also has an obvious effect [MD = 1.69, 95% CI = (0.27, 3.12), Z = 2.33 (P < 0.02)]. Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that acupuncture combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy is an effective therapy for patients suffering from post-stroke fatigue, which is suitable for clinical promotion and use. However, due to methodological weakness and limited number of RCTs, the results should be interpreted cautiously. Further clinical trials with large sample sizes and a rigorous design are needed.

Key words: Meta-analysis; Stroke; Post-stroke fatigue; Acupuncture; Complementary medicine

The Effectiveness and Safety of Chemical Drugs Combined with Acupuncture for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis – 129
https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X1632147705388

Shenghua Yu, BS.* Hongjie Liu, PhD,† Li Xu, MA,* Yan Zhang, PhD,* Yan Ma, PhD,* Hong Zheng, PhD,* Caijun Tian, PhD,* and Zhe Zhang, PhD*

*Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
†Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China

Introduction: Acupuncture has been applied with chemical drugs to treat Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the clinic. Whether such combination is effective and safe should be studied although it is recommended by some researchers. Methods: To explore the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined with chemical drugs for AD, databases like PubMed, Web of Science were searched to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on AD treated with acupuncture and chemical drugs to perform meta-analysis. The risk of bias in each study was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. Results: Five studies were included in which only donepezil combined with acupuncture was evaluated. Acupuncture combined with donepezil showed a significant difference in effectiveness rate [RR=1.45, 95% CI (1.19, 1.77), P=0.0002] compared with donepezil. On the comparison of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score and Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) score there was no difference. However, after one trial with severe AD patients was removed, acupuncture combined with donepezil showed better effect than donepezil alone. Conclusion: Acupuncture combined with donepezil could work on AD at the early stage or being mild, implying that acupuncture could be a complementary therapy for AD at the early stage or being mild. Besides, scalp acupuncture seems to be more effective on improving cognitive function. However, this conclusion must be considered cautiously, given the small sample size and lack of trials with high quality. Therefore, more high-quality, multicenter, prospective RCTs with large sample sizes are needed to further clarify the effect of acupuncture combined with chemical drugs for AD.

Key words: Alzheimer’s disease; Acupuncture; Systematic review; Meta- Analysis; Randomized controlled trials

Erratum – 143

The following was originally published in ACUPUNCTURE & ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS RES., INT. J., Vol. 46, pp. 357-369, 2021https://doi.org/10.3727/036012921X16237619666067

In the original Abstract on page 357 the last line was left out of the fourth paragraph. Below is the corrected paragraph.

Results: After perfusion for 24 h, compared with the MCAO group, the neurological deficit scores and brain infarct volumes in the EA+MCAO group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), as was the level of Bax (P<0.05) or the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (P<0.05), levels of cyt c, cleaved caspase-9 and -3 also decreased (P<0.05), like the number of TUNEL-positive cells (P<0.05), in contrast, the level of Bcl-2 increased (P<0.05).

Full Text Articles

Back Issues/Back Volumes

Indexed

Publishing Information

Publishing Information

Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research, The International Journal, now in its 30th year, bridges the gap between orthodox Western basic and clinical medicine and various aspects of alternative medicine. It also leads the field in reporting new and innovative science through documentation of research. As a quarterly multidisciplinary journal encompassing physics, electrical engineering, Western medicine, Oriental medicine, and newly developing diagnostic and therapeutic methods in both traditional Western medicine and non-orthodox medicine, it is indexed and abstracted in all major international reference sources (see list below). The journal is noted for its rapid handling of editorial contribution and short publication turn around time.

INDEX AND ABSTRACTING SERVICES that cover Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research: Current contents/Clinical Medicine, Excerpta Medica, Index Medicus, Index Vetenerius, CINAHL, Biological Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts, Psychological Abstracts, Bioengineering Abstracts, Index to Dental Literature, Engineering Index Monthly and Author Index, Science Citation Index-Expanded (also known as SciSearch), Research Alert, PsycINFO, COMPENDEX, Current Advances in Life Sciences, SOFTLINE INFORMATION.

COPYRIGHT NOTICE: It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. By submitting a manuscript, the author(s) agree that the copyright for the article is transferred to the publisher, if and when the article is accepted for publication. The copyright covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, photographic reproductions, microform, or any other reproductions of similar nature and translations. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without permission in writing from the copyright holder.

PHOTOCOPYING INFORMATION FOR USERS IN THE USA: The Item Fee Code for this publication indicates that authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by the copyright holder for libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service provided the stated fee for copying beyond that permitted by Section 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Law is paid. The appropriate remittance of $60.00 per copy per article is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danver, MA 01923. The copyright owner’s consent does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific written permission must be obtained from the publisher for such copying. In case of doubt please contact Cognizant Communication Corporation.

The Item Fee Code for this publication is: 0360-1293/10 $60.00

Printed in the USA. ISSN 0360-1293

DISCLAIMER: While every effort is made by the publisher, editor(s), and editorial board to see that no inaccurate or misleading data, opinions, or statements appear in Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research, they wish to make it clear that the data and opinions appearing in the articles and advertisements contained herein are the sole responsibility of the contributor or advertiser concerned. Therefore, the publisher, the editor(s) and editorial board, and their respective employees, officers, and agents accept no responsibility or liability whatsoever for the effect of any such inaccurate or misleading opinions, data, or statements.